The New Zealand Breast Cancer Foundation - 1755 Words

Patrick Raymond F. Atilano tiz000028c THE PINK CARAVAN 2015 The New Zealand Breast Cancer Foundation marks its 20th anniversary with its retro-styled Pink Caravan this year. The Pink Caravan has been part of the breast cancer awareness campaign that has been launched by the NZBCF since the start of its various programmes for women’s health promotion in New Zealand. The Pink Caravan will be visiting 32 towns of New Zealand as part of its itinerary with a mission to provide breast health information to the men and women who need access to free medical breast check-up, breast cancer monitoring, inquiries, and to be able to sign a petition for an extended government support for free mammogram screening to older patients. This paper aims to evaluate the Pink Caravan breast cancer awareness campaign programme of NZBCF for 2015. The Pink Caravan is an on-the-road campaign programme to provinces, with no easy access to breast health services in New Zealand, to be able to invite women and even men to get into the Pink Caravan and avail of its free medical consultation and inquiries information without the need for an appointment. The 32 targeted towns included the areas along the Far North to Southland of New Zealand. The caravan travels from town to town to provide access to the women, as well as the men, who need health care particularly on breast cancer awareness and medication. Breast cancer awareness has been part of the NZBCF programme for the last 20 years as theShow MoreRelatedThe Treatment Of Breast Implants Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pages Breast Implants In recent years, the demand for this ‘appearance medicine’ has increased rapidly, largely in response to unrealistic media images of ‘perfect’ faces and bodies alike. 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The Effects Of Changing Conception Of Childhood - 889 Words

The cause of changing conception of childhood could entirely be the contribution of environmental pressures of the current age. One prominent factor of a changing conception could be the steady decline of child mortality. In the times of less technological advancement, child mortality was high. â€Å"The infant who was too fragile as yet to take part in the life of adult simply did not count.†(Aries, 1960, p125) As Aries summarises from Moliere. As stated above, with child mortality so high, the need for detachment presented itself as a decent coping mechanism. It was acknowledged by the community that â€Å"little one(s) did not count† (Aries, 1960, p125). It could be argued that the detachment from children is due to the presumption of eventual death of the child in its early years which, therefore, caused a lack of childhood for many children. Guo Jujing also touches heavily on the topic of child mortality through his folk text, â€Å"Twenty-four filial explemarsâ € . 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A Good Man Is Hard to Find Grandmother Is the Central Character Free Essays

A Good Man is Hard to Find The grandmother is the central character in the short story â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† by Flannery O’Connor. She is also a very well rounded and dynamic character. She shows various characteristics and reveals various remarks as they story progresses. We will write a custom essay sample on A Good Man Is Hard to Find: Grandmother Is the Central Character or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some of her qualities include selfish and a pushy person. She is also kind of manipulator in a way that she insists her family to change the plan. At the beginning of the story when we first realize her desire to visit her childhood house, she is being a very selfish person. Examining her conversation with her son Bailey, the grandmother is moreover a pushy person. She is convincing Bailey to change the trip plan according to her need only and which will benefit her only. She is trying to manipulate her family to do what she thinks is best. She is also a bit of criticizer at points in the story. Her characteristics remain same throughout the story that is even when her desire was ignored, she still kept praising it. The story opens up with a conversation between the grandmother and her son Bailey about their trip to Florida. Instead of going to Florida with her entire family, she insists on visiting her relatives up in Tennessee. In spite of everyone’s choice, she just wants to go where her mind is set. It is very obvious that she is only concerned about her gaining and nobody else’s. Her selfishness occurs when she says â€Å"The children have been to Florida before† (O’Connor 345). It sounds like the grandmother is being stubborn and childish, and trying to change their mind about going to Tennessee. She is persuading the family to change their vacation destination to Tennessee. â€Å"Here this fellow that calls himself The Misfit is aloose from the Federal Pen and headed toward the Florida and you read here what it says he did to these people. Just you read it. I wouldn’t take my children in any direction with a criminal like that aloose in it. I couldn’t answer to my conscience if I did† (O’Connor 345). She is trying to scare Bailey and also saying that going there could also be dangerous. She lies after she seems to not get any reaction from previous attempts by trying to say out that it’s not about her, but in fact it’s about the children. â€Å"The children have been to Florida before,† the old lady said. â€Å"You all ought to take them somewhere else for a change so they would see different parts of the world and be broad. They never have been to east Tennessee† (O’Connor 345). She is critical of the children’s mother and persuades Bailey by telling him that it can be an educational experience for his children. Truthfully, she wants to go to Tennessee for the benefit of her own only and fulfill her needs. One of major selfishness occurs when she first tries making her son Bailey change the whole vacation plans including the destination. She had always treated her son Bailey as if he was child still and expects him not to make his own decision for himself. After the family ignores the grandmother’s attempts of persuasion and her desire, they decide to go on their own way. She is urged to travel with her family. Subsequently the grandmother shows characteristics as if she were a follower. â€Å"The next morning the grandmother was the first one in the car, ready to go† (O’ Connor 345). At this moment in the story, her movement shows that she has been ignored and becomes the first one to get ready as if she has been forced to do so. In spite of knowing that her son Bailey doesn’t like taking cat onto their trips, she hides her cat, Pitty Sing, into the basket. †¦ and underneath it she was hiding a basket with Pitty Sing, the cat, in it† (O’Connor 345). She is avoiding her son and doesn’t want to leave the cat home alone. At the end of the story, the grandmother shows a very obvious selfishness act where is only concerned about her life only and shows zero concern about the rest of the family. When the family encounters the Misfit and his gang, the grandmother recognizes him as the Misfit. â€Å"I know you wouldn’t shoot a lady! I know you come from nice people! Pray! Jesus, you ought not to shoot a lady. I’ll give you all the money I’ve got! † (O’Connor 355). She is pleading the Misfit for her life only by saying the word lady repeatedly and offering him the money. She is also praising the Misfit by calling him a good man and trying to save her life. She was also careless about her family. When her family is taken down into the woods, she continues to talk to Misfit. She ignores the sound of when her son and rest of the family were being shot. She is apparently oblivious to many things. She was ignoring everything but the Misfit. â€Å"The shirt came flying at him and landed on his shoulders and he put it on. The grandmother couldn’t name what the shirt reminded her of† (O’Connor 354). The grandmother doesn’t even realize that shirt was her son Baileys. She had no interest in knowing where that shirt came from and what happened to my family. For the concern of her life only, she tries to persuade the Misfit the same way she tried with her family. â€Å"I know you’re a good man. You don’t look a bit like you have common blood. I know you must come from nice people! † (O’Connor 352). She is trying to manipulate the Misfit and hopes that he will bear her. She is thinking about no one else but the sake for herself. However she fails once again to influence the Misfit. One of her characteristics in the story is being a very pushy person. Even when she is not heard by her family, she continues to praise her homeland hoping that Bailey would change his mind still. After they had left The Tower, â€Å"a part-stucco and part-wood filling station and dance hall†¦ † (O’ Connor 348), the grandmother recapitulates â€Å"an old plantation that she had visited in this neighborhood once when was a young lady† (O’Connor 349). Regardless of the consequences, the grandmother finds an alternative way to manipulate Bailey for changing his route to the old house she wanted to see. She knew that Bailey would not be willing to lose anytime looking at an old house, but the more she talked about it, the more she wanted to see it once again† (O’Connor 349). She is being a very pushy person here trying to convince Bailey and makes it sound even interesting telling the children. â€Å"There was a secret panel in this house,â €  she said craftily, not telling the truth but wishing that she were, â€Å"and the story went that all family silver was hidden in it when Sherman came through but it was never found†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (O’Connor 349). The father concedes to visit the house after his kids start to yell and scream that they wanted to see the house with secret panels (350). She persuades the children about telling them a secret panel in the house which makes them grows their excitement even more in seeing it. However she is not telling the truth about the house but just making the children want to see it right away and would compel their father to take them there. She is not only being pushy to Bailey but also to the children. She seeks a way to gain Bailey’s attention. â€Å"It’s not far from here, I know,† the grandmother said. â€Å"It wouldn’t take over twenty minutes† (O’Connor 350). The grandmother later realizes that the house with secret panels she told the children is in Tennessee not in Georgia. Her desire to visit the old house from childhood results in an accident when her cat Pitty Sing sprang onto Bailey’s shoulder (350) losing the control of the car and resulting into an accident. If the grandmother had not pushed her son to detour to see the old house, which she later realized was in Tennessee not in Georgia, they wouldn’t have met with an accident. She is the cause of her entire family when they encounter the Misfit and his gang who shot everyone at the end of the story including the grandmother. Throughout the story, her various remarks reveal that she wants to achieve only for the benefit of her own and won’t let anything come in her way. At the end, during her conversation with the Misfit, the grandmother says that she knows him from good people trying to save her own life. She carried out herself as a very selfish person especially at the end of the story. In my opinion she remained a static character as her characteristics didn’t transform. She remains egocentric throughout the story and seeks to gain everything that will benefit her only. The grandmother shows various personality traits that brings families down fall at the end of the story. Her act of selfishness shows when she tells her son Bailey the benefit of taking their children to Tennessee. She wants the children to visit different part of world and be broad. But truthfully, only she will gain everything by going on vacation in Tennessee. She persuades her family by stating that this trip could be an educational experience for the children. As the story ends, she faces a death as her punishment for self-serving doings. Along with her, the entire family faces with death. Works Cited Updike, John. â€Å"Pygmalion. † Literature for Composition. 8th ed. New York: Pearson Longman, 2007. Print. How to cite A Good Man Is Hard to Find: Grandmother Is the Central Character, Papers

Primark and Oxfam free essay sample

This report is based on the marketing techniques/ skills of Primark and Oxfam based on their products/services. Before we can understand the effectiveness of the marketing techniques, we have investigated both companies and carried research by looking through different sources. Sources include; internet research, company website, advertisements which we evaluated on www. youtube. com for Oxfam. Additional sources include the BTEC Level 3 Business Book1, which was used to look up techniques such as; survival strategies and brand awareness. We have also used resources such as PowerPoint Presentations from The Times 100, Business Case Studies. In this report you will find some information on the company itself and how they market themselves which we have put into sections in a specific order to show how we came to the conclusion of how effective we think their marketing skills are. We have provided evidence of our research and transferred relevant data into charts. Oxfam Company Purpose: Oxfam is a voluntary charity organisation. Oxfam’s main objective is to reach out to poor countries and help civilians manage their own lives from the sources Oxfam provide. Oxfam market themselves through their website and television commercials. This helps them get more attention from people and persuade them to donate to Oxfam. Oxfam also use direct mail. Oxfam also market through a sales orientated approach. For example direct sales. Marketing Strategies: Oxfam’s marketing strategies for growth is market penetration as they want to attract new customers to increase their share in the market. Marketing Objective: Oxfam’s marketing objective is to raise awareness of poverty in less economically developed and famine countries. On the subject of raising awareness we found out that Oxfam establish ethical trading. Oxfam state on their website that they help communities to fight against businesses who put lives of civilians at risk. Oxfam speak of the Swiss pharmaceutical giant Novartis challenging rights in India based on developing cheaper medication. We have made a screen shot of this particular section under ‘proof of research’ below. Company Product/ Service: Oxfam have a charity shop selling many products from clothes to books. Oxfam also have charity projects which take place throughout the year fulfilling their company purpose. This involves them providing aid to many countries around Africa and Asia. Oxfam supply the countries with physical resources allowing the poor communities to start a new life and make a living by providing them with some of the following; civilians making a living by growing and trading crops, providing service in clinics set up by Oxfam and supervising schools made for the homeless and orphan children. However the services based on growing and trading crops are limited due to climate change. Climate change can destroy the service of helping civilians grow crops in many geographical zones. This can clearly create a loss for Oxfam and change the way Oxfam manage this service. We did not find any sources linking us to the difficulty it causes Oxfam apart from the PDF file provided by Oxfam. The section of this file was headlined ‘Helping communities to adapt to climate change ’ and the figures provided on the situations Oxfam identified were based on years 2011-2012. Most situations are based on flooding and we have analysed this section of the file by using the figures to help us understand how Oxfam will deal with this situations to stay successful. We have provided a graph containing the exact figures and have used the evidence to link it with Oxfam’s loss and gain in the business industry. The graph is below, headlined under ‘charts and graphs’. Oxfam also helps rebuild homes for those who have been affected by natural disasters, with that Oxfam have provided them with food and clean water supplies. These services are ongoing and have been going on for 70 years and have made Oxfam one of the largest charity organisations in the UK. Marketing Techniques: Marketing techniques are techniques that a company uses to expand in the industry or to achieve its company purpose. Growth strategies such as market development help charities like Oxfam expand. Growth strategies, four departments based on Ignor Ansoff’s theory (1957): Market Penetration Product Development Market Development Diversification Market development is when a company is using an existing product but is marketing it in a new market such as other countries. This increases popularity for the service and the company. For example, Oxfam have now taken their service to more LEDC countries and have expanded their service though nothing in their service has changed. Oxfam also use another technique known as diversification. Diversification is when a company introduces a new product/ service to a new market but does not relate it to the existing product. The product is completely new. For example, Oxfam have now tried to gain popularity to give them the opportunity to raise more money. To achieve this, Oxfam have held charity concerts and festivals. This is diversification as it is completely different from the service Oxfam provide. Market Orientating: The Focus of Their Marketing Every company has a reason behind why they market the product/service in a certain way. Oxfam’s reason behind their marketing is to be able to raise more money and to complete more projects in order to do that Oxfam have to make their charity well known to be able to cover all costs. Promotional Material/Techniques: Oxfam’s best marketing technique is through advertising poverty and their charity projects on television advertisements, social networking sites and radio commercials. This is one of their survival strategies to keep them functioning as a charity and allowing them to reach out to more countries. Oxfam approaches wealthy members of the community and those who would donate to charities to put an end to poverty and destruction caused by natural disasters. Oxfam aims at the sensitive side of the viewers to create an upsetting emotion through the illusions in their adverts. The viewers are shown civilians struggling to reach day to day needs and Oxfam show how painful it is for them to do so by showing a shot of their tears in their eyes which represents hardship and pain. Then they move on to showing how Oxfam’s aid has healed the needy community through helping them maintain their own lives and make a living. This is another skill used by charities to gain more donations by showing how much improvement they can make. For some charities like Oxfam this has made a great impact as it helps them carry out more projects as it is a form of prompting the organisation. Oxfam survives through volunteers taking part and helping them with their projects and the purpose of promoting themselves is to gain as much help as they can. Oxfam rely strongly upon the money raised and given from the public and it is one of the essential factors they rely on to survive as a charity. Marketing effectiveness Oxfam’s marketing skills are more effective as they have been successful for 70 years and are well known for a charity. This report has based Oxfam’s marketing effectiveness on the PDF file found on the Oxfam website which stated the income and expenditures based on projects, community support on raising money and other additional costs involved within the organisation. This PDF file shows how strategic Oxfam are with the income and expenditures as they themselves as a charity organisation have analysed all the departments of their income and expenditures. As we analysed the file we found figures showing how much profit (including success in progression within each project) Oxfam have made. This gave us the understanding that this financial increase has given Oxfam the opportunity to expand the charity organisation, allowing them to hold festivals and music concerts alongside with the number of charity shops they have around the UK. We think that this is the way Oxfam make themselves recognizable in order for them to become better known in the country and among many communities. Further on with the investigation, we investigated Oxfam’s Trading Income and Fundraising Income which we have made a similar replica of the graphs we researched on the PDF file below titled under ‘charts and tables’. Primark Company Purpose: Primark is a private retailing company started in Ireland to the United Kingdom and now in some countries in Europe. Primark’s purpose is to sell fashionable clothes for a cheaper price. Marketing Strategies: Primark’s marketing strategies for growth is market development as they want to attract new customers to increase sales leaving themselves at medium risk. Marketing Objective: Primark’s marketing objective is to standout in the retailing market with their low prices as the advantage to rise above their competitors. To meet their objectives Primark do this by producing their clothes in third world countries and by buying in bulk amounts to succeed financially. Company Product/ Service: Primark have many products based on fashion and design. They sell fashionable clothes; designs of which have been seen on the catwalks, made to suit all ages. Primark also have a section for jewellery and a minimal section for cosmetic products. Primark’s products are not as competitive as the price due to the cheap quality but they are not always predictable and create products in good quality which is unique to them. Marketing Techniques: Primark uses different marketing techniques to Oxfam. Primark use survival strategies to keep the company running. Survival strategies are when a company introduces new Items and ideas to survive as a business, such as; lowering their prices or giving customers gift vouchers when customers purchase an item. This may not be used by the company; it’s a strategy they could call up. For example, Primark keep most of their prices very low and have various ranges of clothes and offers to increase their chances of being more competitive amongst other high street shops. As well as keeping their prices low, Primark also develop their clothes in cheaper material to allow the company to make a great amount of profit. This way the company continues to survive in the market. Other survival strategy such as branding is used by Primark. Examples of branding: Items that Primark brand are: jackets, jeans shoes with different Primark brand names. Other example of branding, some sports brands such as Adidas hold a high reputation as they are seen promoting and sponsoring sports teams. Adidas and other sports brand usually advertise their brand by using celebrities to influence consumers into buying and wearing the particular brand. The brand becomes of high reputation to the consumers so it becomes something consumers wear and promote without realising they are promoting the brand. Consumer’s also have choices of merchandises to buy with the brand logo on which also helps the company to survive as it is being promoted. Market Orientating: The Focus of Their Marketing Primark want to continue to survive as retailers of the designer but affordable fashion wear. Primark market their products through their customers as Primark depend on them to promote their products. This has been working for Primark, and could them on of the bestselling retailers in the future as their brand will be more recognized than their price. This could give Primark the opportunity to upgrade their designs and price of their item, becoming a retailer of high quality clothing. Another focus of Primark’s marketing is that they can too design clothes as other expensive high street retailers. Promotional Material/Techniques: Primark do not advertise themselves through television or radio commercials which are making it harder for us to investigate and analyse the company alone. However we used a website known as ‘The Times 100, Business Case Studies’ which provided us with a PowerPoint. Primark’s aim is to promote brand awareness by putting their company logo on billboards and singling themselves out by prompting their prices as being cheap but saying their clothes are fashionable. However Primark do promote themselves through social networking sites such as Facebook where they post their latest trends and designs. Promoting a company on social network site can make them more successful as the use of technology and the use of social networking has increased and for Primark it is the best way for them to create publicity. Primark are also the most discussed Retail Company in the community and there for are always gaining loads of customers and great creditability from customers too. Ethical Trading: Primark have been establishing workers rights including rights of women in factories, mainly focusing on their health in factories. Primark’s concern for workers health and rights was developed after they had been reported of using child labour; no that it made Primark make changes but they still explained themselves on their website. Primark have not shown any live evidence such as, to prove that they no longer use under aged children to create their products but increase their price on products. For Primark it could be a way to say they have put an end to child labour and are now part of fair trade. As before, when they were using child labour, their prices were lower.

Would Elizabeth have been right to feel flattered by those characters The Faerie Queene that have been read as images of her Essay Example For Students

Would Elizabeth have been right to feel flattered by those characters The Faerie Queene that have been read as images of her? Essay Examining images of Elizabeth within the context of The Faerie Queene seems initially simple: she is central to everything in and around the poem; imagined most obviously in the form of Gloriana, the Great Lady of the greatest isle, a powerful and divine being. Yet this flattering image is not entirely unproblematic, as the imaginary and undoubtedly glorious, religious figure undermines Elizabeths real existence. Most significantly Gloriana is defined by her absence, she remains the unattainable mythical figure and Spensers imagery portrays this as being the case too with Elizabeth. Elizabeth is defined then by the poles of mythical and historical or perhaps more simply by the ideal and the real_. If the ideal cannot be realised then there is little hope for the real. Thus the intended flattery may also be read as critique; an example of what Elizabeth should be and not what she actually is. We will write a custom essay on Would Elizabeth have been right to feel flattered by those characters The Faerie Queene that have been read as images of her? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now It is evident upon reading the poem that any criticism is not immediately evident and expressed only through allegory. An examination of the social and economic situation in which Spenser lived and wrote makes clear certain obligations and requirements of his poem. In his article The Elizabethan Subject and The Spenserian text, Louis Adrian Montrose discusses how The Elizabethan Subject is both the Queens subject, Edmund Spenser, but also the Queen-as-subject, subject of and in her subjects discourse, in the Spensarian text. Thus Elizabeth is not only the subject of The Faerie Queene but in her role as Spensers lord, sponsor and provider, the creator of the fiction or at least its editor. It is arguable then that Spenser had a certain dependency on portraying flattering images of Elizabeth as a method of monetary and social advancement. Yet Spensers involvement in the aggressive politics of the Leicester faction and in particular the policies of the Earl of Essex explains his manipul ation of allegory to form a subtle critique of his Queen. Her shortcomings are illustrated as an expression of Spensers politics, beliefs that are necessarily disguised. Praise is however still heaped upon Elizabeth in those characters which are evidently to be read as images of her. Immediately in Book One we encounter Una who is representative of purity, the virgin borne of heavenly brood and the embodiment of the true church. Her recovery of her homeland represents the unity of the nation and the institution of the Protestant faith by Elizabeth. Similarly Florimell, Belphoebe and Britomart also exemplify the Queens quality of chaste virtue and the consummate figure of Mercilla, a most sacred wight most debonayre and free,/That ever yet upon this earth was seene, adds to the group of characters whose association with Elizabeth would surely flatter her. While the characteristics of these women are certainly those that Elizabeth would have wished to embody, it is also important to clearly examine Spensers intention in the conception of these images. The models of Elizabeth do glorify her but it is also possible that she is superseded by these fictional  representations, as the contrast between the mythic and the real is firmly established. The mythical characters seemingly surpass Elizabeth in their values. Yet a closer examination of the portrayals of these characters may reveal a critique of these same images. Certainly Florimell, while virtuously chaste, is portrayed as an image of female vulnerability, she is constantly hunted from one place to another in an attempt to escape the lusty intentions of men. She is rendered helpless in most situations, in a similar way to Amoret. This persistent drive to escape the intentions of men perhaps mirrors Elizabeths private concerns. Florimells perpetual desire to run is presented almost as paranoia and as a fear of male sexuality. The image is passive and weak and in this way Elizabeths same positive decision not to marry is reduced to a girlish, giggly fear. .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14 , .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14 .postImageUrl , .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14 , .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14:hover , .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14:visited , .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14:active { border:0!important; } .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14:active , .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14 .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u24fb1b353e79860287c784b5fc0d2e14:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Tobias Wolff as a strange writer EssayBelphoebe is another image that is strongly aligned with Elizabeth, she is a model of chastity and a most vertuous and beautiful Lady who, we are told in the Letter to Ralegh, figures Elizabeth as her private self, just as Gloriana is the ideal embodiment of the queens public figure. She is a divine character, conceived by light, whose beauty and spiritual strength associate her with Gloriana, and in her virginity she is an ensample to all women. However if we examine Belphoebes effect on Arthurs squire, Timias, which leads to the destruction of his aspirations to knighthood, we can see perhaps Spensers underlying criticism. Belphoebe prevents Timias from fulfilling his expected masculine role, she even affects his mental faculties rendering him unable to speak. This episode, at a level of historical allegory, clearly refers to Raleghs pursuit of Elizabeth, which led to his fall from grace. Belphoebe plays a double role within the allegory, posing as a flattering image of the virgin queen, while simultaneously usurping this apparent praise. The situation expresses succinctly the very real fear of many of Elizabeths subjects. Her power evidently derived from her lineage, her position as Henry VIIIs daughter ensured her entitlement to the throne and yet certain tensions remain with her assumption of that role. Elizabeths very presence as the figure head of the nation lead to an certain feeling of emasculation in her courtiers and in fact in her everyday people. The general concern was based on the fact that the very notion of a female monarch was socially as well as politically disturbing; and that it would lead to the dissolution of gender identities. Their desire then, undeniably, was for a king and this was a feeling that Essexs rebellion attempted to exploit. The psychological wish for a king worked very much against Elizabeth. Controlling the various factions within her court was one of her greatest challenges. What evoked criticism from her contemporaries was not her actual political manipulation of the factions, but her use of her femininity with which to do so. Courtiers were uncertain about exactly how to approach and address Elizabeth, Ralegh took the  style of a courtly lover, using Petrarchian discourse to discuss the power of women over men and the frustration that this caus ed. This quest for love_ appeared unnatural in the context of the sixteenth century and the image of Elizabeths court was equated to a mistress surrounded by suitors or a mother surrounded by her children. This immediately, perhaps intentionally, recalls the image of the procession of the seven vices behind Lucifera in the House of Pride, and this allegory is made more applicable by Luciferas personal pride, as Elizabeth herself was deeply concerned with pageantry, dancing and dress; female concerns around which her court was centred. Evidently Lucifera is not intended as a representation of Elizabeth but connections can certainly be made, which serve not only as criticism, but also distance Elizabeth from Gloriana, the historical from the mythical. Furthermore although Elizabeth is strongly aligned with the positive characters in The Faerie Queene, it is also important to note that each of these figures of virtue has an antithetical figure of vice. The most obvious of these is Duessa, whose duplicity contrasts Unas singleness of faith. Britomarts adversary takes the form of Radigund, the Amazon queen and the palace of Mercilla, an exemplary place of justice forms an opposition with th e excesses and earthliness of Luciferas House of Pride. The presence of conflicting images can be interpreted either as foils, further reflecting the goodness of those images that are to be read as mirrors of Elizabeth. Alternatively Elizabeth and her regime are tainted by the comparison to these less successful characters. Certainly, the presence of the various, conflicting portraits of matriarchal courts serves to throw a different light upon Elizabeths administration. Her court centred largely around her maintenance of power and this involved securing domination away from the aristocracy into the autocracy. In this way Elizabeth, not only by her presence but by her actions too was seen as attempting to dominate over men, effeminising them. Her role of dominant female, her politics and her attitude meant that as men, nobles and courtiers, her subjects were left uncertain and frustrated. .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5 , .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5 .postImageUrl , .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5 , .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5:hover , .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5:visited , .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5:active { border:0!important; } .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5:active , .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5 .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7862756608c43cd000b28f6356a9dcc5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Comparison of Macbeth and Crime and Punishment EssayIn Spensers portrayal of Radigund we see perhaps these central concerns illustrated. Radigund, A Princesse of great powre, and greater pride,/And Queene of Amazons, in armes well tride has established a matriarchal society where: Many brave knights, whose names right well he knew, There bound tobay that Amazons proud law, Spinning and carding all in comely rew. Thus, the effeminised condition, a central concern of Elizabeths courtiers is exemplified and while Elizabeth attempted to distance herself from imposing upon the principles of the established patriarchal hierarchy by stressing her royal exception, she was always to pose a psychological threat. In a similar way to Belphoebe, Elizabeths body natural, Radigund was responsible for feminising men. Therefore it is interesting to note that while Belphoebe should be the protagonist of Book III, Of Chastity, instead it is another female, Britomart, who assumes this role.  Britomart adheres then more closely to Spensers idealised view of chastity, a view clearly influenced by his understanding of kingship. Britomart is subservient to the patriarchal ideology, and thus a reflection of how Elizabeth should be. She conceals her femininity behind male armour, slays Radigund and goes on to reform her matriarchy, repealing womens rights and liberty and them restoring/To mens subjection, did true Iustice deale. Britomart then, while chaste, also gives her private body to the good of the state by marrying Artegall and producing a succession of great leaders, culminating in Elizabeth. The historical Elizabeth however refuses to marry and produce an heir, which evoked widespread criticism from courtiers who remained deeply concerned about the progression of the throne and the strength of the monarchy. Specifically Elizabeth also refused to name a successor until her deathbed, causing unrest and enormous uncertainty. The need for assurance is echoed in Spensers poetry and the description of the anticipated mythic Elizabeth being a royall virgin.,which shall Stretch her white rod ouer the Belgicke shore, And the great castle smite so sore with all, That it shall make him shake, and shortly lerne to fall Obviously this Elizabeth is the idealised version and Spenser arguably uses her as an inspiration for the real Elizabeth. His involvement with the Leicester faction explains what can be interpreted as a call for Elizabeth to enlist on a more militant foreign policy, to fight abroad and protect the Netherlands from the might of Catholic Spain. In his flattering portrayal of an autocratic ruler Spenser in fact demonstrates Elizabeths weakness and uncertainty in comparison to the mythic heroine. Finally, then, it is evident that on the surface Elizabeth would be flattered by the images which are to be viewed as portrayals of her; yet it is impossible to fail to note Spensers intent beneath the superficies. The mythical heroines both celebrate Elizabeth and undermine her potency and in a parallel manner the figures of vice elucidate subtly problems evident in Elizabeths reign. What seems central is that each of the images that represent or mirrors Elizabeth reflect certain valuable human qualities, yet these fail to come together into a coherent whole, in the shape of Gloriana. The final conclusion must be drawn from Glorianas absence, if she is not fully realised in the text then it is impossible that she should exist in reality. Spensers flattery, then, becomes little more than a screen for expressing a politically ineffable truth.

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The main cause of the American Revolution was the Royal Proclamation of 1763. After the French and Indian war was over many opportunities arose for the colonist such as moving to the western frontier. With the proclamation in effect,   all the territory west and northwest of the river were not accessible to them not including the all the territory from Ohio to Mississippi rivers. It also established four new colonies Quebec, East Florida, West Florida, and Grenada, but it was mostly directed towards Indian territories. The King and the Indians agreed that they were not in favor of the settlers issues. Parliament was aware of the Indians association with the colonist, and they recognized that they would not have any values towards boundaries. The border extended from the Atlantic all the way to the new border. The British claimed that these posts were for colonial defense and the colo nies should pay for it themselves. Another reason for the American Revolution is the war between the Great Britain and France know as the French and Indian war. Great Britain used most of the money on the war which caused them to go into debt, to earn their money back they forced taxes on their colonies. The Sugar Act was approved by the English Parliament in 1764, to cover the debt brought on by the war. The money was used to pay for the operating cost of running colonies and territories. It also, increased the taxes on other imported items such as sugar textiles, coffee, and wines. After the colonist expressed their concerns towards the Stamp Act, it was finally repealed. This lead to other taxes such as the Quartering Act of 1765, Stamp Act 1765, Townsend Act 1767, and Boston Tea Party 1773, and the Intolerable Act 1774.   In 1765 the Quartering Act was approved and this tax obligated the colonist to inhabit their homes for the British soldiers. Having to occupy their homes to an unfamiliar person made the colonists enraged. The following close contact with British soldiers did not produce good feelings between the sides from Britain. The government was now controlled by Charles Townsend. His main focus was support the British Parliament. Since he was the Parliaments leader he made a great impact to influence them to pass the laws for the new taxes. The requirement for the Stamp Act of 1765 was to obtain stamps so they could purchase a great deal of items. The most well known item that the stamps were required for was tea. The Stamp Act taxes varied from different things. The money was used to was assist in paying to guard the colonies. All the disputes the colonies had against the Stamp Act later calmed down when the Tea Act was approved. This act contracted domination on importing and exporting tea in America. December 16th was the day that numerous people in the Boston and surrounding areas decided to hear Samuel Adams speak. After he criticized the Governor for denying the ships consent to leave with tea on board, they headed out to the harbor. Three Ships were boarded and docked, and then about 90,000 pounds of tea were thrown overboard. Parliament issued out an agreement on a chain of acts called the Intolerable Acts. As the Intolerable acts were agreed upon the docks were closed, until the tea establishment was reimbursed for all the tea that was lost. Taxation without representation in parliament was another concern that started the war. The entire colonist felt that the Britain could not control colonies from the Atlantic Ocean. The majority of the people did not want to pay taxes on their cargo that was being imported and exported daily. b) The Declaration of Independence is a vital document in history. It is one of the most widely read documents of modern history. The ideas that were formed were based on successful and unsuccessful independence movements and revolutions even after the war ended. This decree made a distinct statement in reference to the peoples rights who lived in independent states. This document declared the people to be independent and free. The foundation of the Declaration of Independence, self-determination of rule, is expressed in the documents phrase, governments are instituted among men deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. The authors of the document felt it was necessary to secure ones God given or natural rights. The day of July 2, 1776, the affiliates of the Second Continental Congress voted for the colonist freedom. It proclaimed that the thirteen American colonies that were currently at war were no longer up under Britains rules. A second vote was held by the del egates and the Declaration of Independence was approved. As this document was signed on July 4, 1776, this day came to be known as the birth of America. A vast change was made in the government because of this decree and the democratic government came to be. Thomas Jefferson declared, that governments were created to serve the people, and could only act with consent of the people. The declaration consists of numerous parts, but only two parts are essential that is the preamble and the independence of America. The preamble depicts the rights of the people and it states, that all men are created equal and have the God-given right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. The second essential parts of the decree proclaim independence for the American colonist and list all the issues that the colonist had against the British. c) African Americans whether free or slaves participated in several conflicts between the English colonies and their rivals in North America. They had favorable attitudes and served with honor, bravery and distinction in the Indian and French War, the American Revolution War along with the War of 1812 just to mention a few with limited circumstances. There were some laws that excluded African-American along with Indians from military service. There were some early colonial laws and some national laws that were in place that forbid the services of African-Americans during times of conflict and war. However, at times it didnt matter what their status were, their physical strength were utilized. The American Revolutions was more than war it was a fight for liberty and freedom from slavery. Benjamin Quarles understood the role of the minorities in the American Revolution, he presented as realizing that loyalty was not to a place or a people, but to a principle. In spite of where the loyalties of minorities lay, their contribution to the United States was often overlooked. During the American Revolutionary War, minorities fought for both entities in the war while working together to fight against inequality. During the Civil War the Emancipation Proclamation was established by President Abraham Lincoln, this decree contains two executive orders. On September 22, 1862 the first order was released and it basically stated if the Civil War did not end then the all slaves would be making its way into the Western territories. If the succeeded states dont come back before January 1st then the slaves would be free. On January 1, 1863 the second order was released and specified the states where slaves were declared free.  They had to fight for their freedom. He informed them if they came back to the union the slaves would have their freedom. The Emancipation Proclamation was the African-American Declaration of Independence. It did for a few what the Declaration of Independence did for a nation. It instilled a sense of hope and taste for freedom and equality. The idea of a people securing their natural, or God-given, rights by choosing their own form of government is an idea that was never expressed before the writing of the Declaration of Independence.

The Strange Points of View of Dostoevskys The Brothers Karamazov :: Brothers Karamazov Essays

The Strange Points of View of Brothers Karamazov The novel, The Brothers Karamazov written by Fyodor Dostoevsky was first published in 1880. This book is unique because it is effectivly written in a combination of third person omniscient and first person point of view. The author seems to be a character in the book but also seems to know all. Parts of The Brothers Karamazov is in the third person omniscient point of view. Third person omniscient is when the author is all knowing. This is shown when the author is able to read the thoughts of all of the main characters. A good example of this is when Mitya, one of the main characters, is observing two Polish men that he just met. Mitya’s thoughts are displayed when he decides that "it was the little pipe-smoking Pole who was in charge" (pg. 507). This shows what is going through Mitya’s mind when he meets the Poles and is a good example of the third person omniscient point of view. The author also knows what is going on in other towns while he seems to always be at the monastery in the main town in the book. This is shown when Mitya goes to the village of Sukhoi in order to see a man about a business deal. Mitya gets a priest to go with him and the priest "suggested they go on foot, for, he assured Mitya, it was only a miles walk..." (pg. 452). This is information that could only be known to someone who was at Sukhoi at that time while the character of the author was still at the monastery that is in another town. This also shows third person point of view. The author seems to also know what is going on in the privacy of people’s homes. This is shown on page 483 when Mitya is at his friend Perkhotin’s house and they are the only two people there and yet the author is able to describe exactly what is going on. He explains how "the washing operations began" when he had no way of actually knowing. This adds to the third person point of view. The third person omniscient point of view aspect of the book makes it so that the story keeps going even though the author is not there. The thoughts and the actions of the characters are always known so that the story is more complete and therefore more effective.

Network

Objective: 1. Provide knowledge of computer communications from user point of view in the context of local area network. 2. Explain the basic concepts of communications within Local Area Network with emphasis on access techniques and basic protocol. 3. Providing user services Assignment Overview: * This is an individual assignment * The student must produce a written report and must be submitted on the dateline * The student expected to present the assignment Question:You are a network engineer at a private office. You are required to produce a proposal to the upper management. in order to install a new network infrastructure for a new detachment of the office. You need to obtain the information as accurate as possible to the specification released by our superior. your work include of identifying router, gateway, bridge and switches according to the minimum specification given. Specification according to the proposed network devices: device| specification| outer| * Able to support f lexible and adaptive infrastructure * Support for layer 2 and layer 3 * IP/MPLS traffic engineering support * 8 copper GbE(10/100/1000)interface * Support 3G/4G * Support PoE,10GbE| gateway| * Simplifies sparing strategy for operators even they use variety of backhaul * Technologies (DSL, Ethernet, T1/E1 and so on) across their network. * Allow operators to choose clocking strategy of their choice: T1/E1, line timing or BITS. Transport ATM,TDM * Packet traffic over IP/MPLS| bridge| * 24 to 48 10/100/1000BAsE-T ports * Fixed panel Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) to support high speed backbone or link aggregation| switch| * Support level2 and level 3 * Throughput capability is more than 1. 28 Tbps * Port able to support from 1GbE to 10GbE| 1. By referring to the specification above, suggest and identify the type of network device that fulfilled the requirements as stated. 2. The hosen device need to be identified with its feature and the interoperability with the specification stated above. 3. Each of the features of the devices needs to be explained in terms of user perspective and the jargon should be carefully breakdown into concise description. 4. Include the picture of the devices in the report. 5. Explain the reason why you choose the particular network device and compare it with the specification. If the chosen network device do not met the requirements, please provide the appropriate justification.

An Interpretation of Horace’s Art of Poetry Essay Essays

An Interpretation of Horace’s Art of Poetry Essay Essays An Interpretation of Horace’s Art of Poetry Essay Paper An Interpretation of Horace’s Art of Poetry Essay Paper The epistle from Horace’s Art of Poetry was non simply a usher for good literature. but it was a sophisticated authorship that displayed his rules and wisdom. and the modern-day Hellenistic influence on the Romans. Horace’s profound work clearly asserted his place as a literary maestro. Throughout his missive to Piso. he was able to do his description interesting and account convincing. He exhibited his expertness in literature by showing elaborate guidelines to compose proficiently. Among his suggestions. he stressed preciseness. good iambic lines. and proper literary manners and formats. He besides emphasized on the importance to endeavor for integrity. as the authorship would lose strength without coherency. If he were non a maestro at literature. he would non be able to discourse the proficient inside informations in deepness. Furthermore. Horace was non merely a adult male with distinguished accomplishments. but he was besides a adult male with great rules. With many people hankering for success. he described Rome as â€Å"a state greedy merely for fame† ( 129 ) . He criticized the Romans for being indulgent and mercenary. Since everybody was so captive in gaining money. he asked. â€Å"what poems can we anticipate to compose deserving surfacing with protective oils and hive awaying in all right wood? † ( 129 ) . To Horace. money was non the primary motive to prosecute his composing calling. and that explained why Horace rejected Augustus’s offer to go his secretary. which was an honest place for a freed adult male. With his great virtuousnesss and ethical motives. Horace was doubtless one of the best poets in the Roman Empire. Horace’s Hagiographas revealed the dominant Hellenic influence. They were facile and extremely rational. much nearer to that of the scholarly Grecian authors of the Hellenistic period. He showed that he possessed deep cognition of the Grecian literature. since he frequently referred to Greek authors and to their dramas. In his missive to Piso. he used Homer’s Odyssey as an illustration of great literature. â€Å"Make your theoretical accounts Greek. † as Horace declared. â€Å"and turn their pages every night ; turn them daily too† ( 127 ) . This indicated his fancy of the Grecian theoretical accounts. In add-on. he mentioned that poets â€Å" [ Sung ] about Italian subjects in calamities and comedies attired in Roman clothes† ( 128 ) . Obviously. Hellenism had impacted non merely Horace. but besides the modern-day poets. By detecting how Hellenism had revolutionized the theoretical thought of the poet of Rome. one can reason that the impact of Hell enism was unimpeachably outstanding. Horace’s work of art demonstrated his expertness in composing. every bit good as the Hellenistic influence on Roman authors. Horace declared. â€Å"To flee frailty is the beginning of virtuousness. and to hold got rid of folly is the beginning of wisdom. † And Horace’s wisdom had presented new penetrations to the ancient Roman Empire. In analyzing Horace’s polished Hagiographas and distinguished qualities. bookmans can farther look into how Grecian civilization had increasingly integrated itself to the ancient Roman’s lives. J. Atchity. Kennedy. The Classical Roman Reader. New York: Oxford University Press. 1997

SAT Accommodations What They Are and How to Get Them

SAT Accommodations What They Are and How to Get Them SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You can slow down the clock with SAT accommodations. If you have a documented disability, or are just curious about what it takes to get SAT extra time, you may be wondering about the process of getting SAT accommodations. We’ll take you through the process step-by-step, and show you how to maximize your odds of getting accommodations. If you’re taking the SAT and have a disability or other condition, you will want to read this guide! Overview of the Accommodations Process There are two ways to get accommodations on the SAT – either by requesting them through your school, or requesting them yourself using a paper application. College Board strongly encourages going through your school, since they allow school coordinators to use their online Services for Students with Disabilities (SSD) system. If you use the paper request system, it will take longer, plus you will have to provide much more documentation about the accommodations you need and the condition that you have. Even by going through your school – the fastest option – getting your accommodations can take up to seven weeks. That means if you want accommodations by a certain test date, you should begin the approval process well in advance. For some tests you may even have to begin getting your approval during the previous school year. For example, if you want to take the October SAT with accommodations, College Board recommends you begin the process the previous spring. Getting accommodations can be a long process, and will require lots of documentation. It should go without saying that you should only seek accommodations if you have a disability or condition that requires them. Typically, most students who get accommodations on the SAT are students with disabilities who also receive accommodations at school. Still, if you don’t receive accommodations at school but think you may need them for the SAT, read on to learn about the process and your odds of getting accommodated. The Three Basic Steps to Getting Testing Accommodations 1. Start the process early enough to make sure you have time – keeping in mind it takes seven weeks once your materials are submitted. Keep reading for a detailed timeline! 2. Send your request and documentation to College Board, either through your school’s SSD coordinator or via paper. (For more on documentation, types of accommodations, and conditions that are most commonly accommodated, see below.) 3. Once College Board approves your request, they will give you a seven-digit code. Use that code when signing up for the SAT online and your accommodations will automatically be included. What Kind of Disability or Condition Do I Need to Have to Qualify? To get approval of your accommodations by College Board, they need to verify you have a documented disability or condition that impairs your ability to take the SAT. For the SAT, students with disabilities like the following are often accommodated, though this is not an exhaustive list: ADHD Autism Spectrum Disorders Communication Disorders Head Injuries Hearing Impairments Learning Disorders Physical/Medical Disabilities Psychiatric Disorders Tic Disorders/Tourette’s Visual Impairments Note that limited English proficiency is not considered a condition that College Board can provide accommodations for. For the fine print on College Board’s eligibility standards, see their website. What If I Have a Temporary Condition? It’s not going to be easy to bubble in answers with a broken wrist†¦ If you have a temporary condition that is impairing your ability to take the SAT - for example you broke your right wrist and that’s your writing hand - it is possible to get accommodations, but it will be much more difficult. The odds increase if you are signed up for an AP Exam and will not heal by the late test date, or if you are a senior who hasn’t taken the SAT yet. The process will be different for you. Instead of working with your school’s SSD coordinator or sending in the Accommodations Approval form to College Board, you will submit a different form, which you can access online here. What Are Common Accommodations? The accommodations you can get will vary based on your needs and situation. Here are some of the most commonly given SAT accommodations: Extended time (50% extra is most common, anything more than 100% is considered rare) on either one section or the entire test Computer for typing essays Extra or extended breaks Reading/seeing accommodations (e.g. large print, Braille, magnifier) Scribe for essays Reader for the test Different setting – e.g. preferential seating, small group, or a private room For a more exhaustive list, see this College Board guide. As an example, a student with ADHD might take the test with a small group of students to minimize distractions. Or a student with a learning disability in math might receive extended time on the math sections. Or a student with diabetes might request frequent breaks to be able to track their blood sugar during the test. There are many different potential combinations of condition and accommodation, and they will change based on your particular situation. Extended time, extra or extended breaks, computers, and reading/seeing accommodations are among the most common, though there is a much longer list of potential accommodations. (The College Board provides a more exhaustive list including rarer accommodations like special time of day and special lighting.) If you need an accommodation not listed, College Board encourages you to submit your request anyway for approval. Timing to Request SAT Accommodations Get ready to plan ahead. Make sure to begin the process of seeking accommodations early. The approval process can take up to seven weeks, and only begins once College Board has received all of your documentation. If some of your documentation is missing and/or you have to resubmit information, the seven-week process will begin all over again. Since preparing documentation and getting all of your information to College Board will take some time, even if you are working through your school, make sure you begin with plenty of time to spare – at least three months before your desired test date to be safe. College Board recommends the following timeline to receiving documentation: 2016-17 Test Date Deadline for College Board Receiving Documentation October 1, 2016 SAT August 12, 2016 October 15 and 19, and November 2, 2016 PSAT/NMSQT August 30, 2016 November 5, 2016 SAT September 16, 2016 December 3, 2016 SAT October 15, 2016 January 21, 2017 SAT December 2, 2016 February 21-March 31, 2017, PSAT 10 December 16, 2016 March 11, 2017 SAT January 20, 2017 April 3-14 , 2017, PSAT 10 February 13, 2017 May 1-5, 8-12, 2017, AP Exams February 17, 2017 May 6, 2017 March 17, 2017 June 3, 2017 April 14, 2017 Timeline via College Board. Obviously, many of these test dates and deadlines have already passed, but you can use these dates to plan ahead – for example, if you are planning on taking the SAT in October of your junior year, know that you should have all documentation submitted by late August of your junior year. Also, note that for the October tests, since the deadline for materials being received is in late August – when most school years start – you should begin the process of reaching out to your school’s SSD Coordinator and getting documentation the previous Spring. The first week of school is a hectic time, so you'll likely not be able to get it done then. In fact, to be safe, it’s not a bad idea to have your materials submitted by June so just in case something is missing, you will have time to get everything sent over the summer so there will be plenty of time to approve your request before the October test. So How Do I Apply for SAT Accommodations? Method 1 (Highly Recommended): Go Through Your School College Board recommends, and we agree, the most efficient way to get accommodations is to go through your school. Specifically, contact your school’s Services for Students with Disabilities (SSD) coordinator. If you’re not sure who that is, contact someone at your school’s guidance counseling department and they will be able to direct you. Your school’s SSD coordinator will be able to use College Board’s SSD Online service, which is a more streamlined accommodations approval service. In fact, it’s likely your school’s SSD coordinator has already been through this process with other students, so they will be familiar with College Board’s SSD system and will be able to help guide you through the process. The SSD coordinator will provide you with a parent consent form, which you need to get signed by your parents/guardians and returned to the school before the process can begin. Next, the SSD coordinator will sign up for SSD Online, and submit documentation related to your request, including your IEP (Individualized Education Plan) or 504 Plan if you have one. (If your school’s SSD coordinator is new to the process, direct them to this link for College Board’s instructions.) In other words, your SSD coordinator will handle most of the process, including making the request and providing necessary documentation. In most cases, this means your family does not have to provide additional documentation. However, you may need to provide extra documentation if any of the following scenarios apply: 1. You are not on an IEP or 504 Plan, or have one but haven’t been using it for at least the last four months, or haven’t been receiving any accommodations for at least four months. Basically, if you haven’t been receiving accommodations at school, College Board will want to know why you need them for the SAT. 2. Your school does not have documentation that meets College Board guidelines. 3. Your disability testing is not current. 4. You’re requesting an uncommon accommodation like more than 100% extended time. College Board will want to make sure that, when granting exceptional accommodations, you actually need them. After your SSD Coordinator submits your request, College Board will send back an approval or denial within seven weeks. One benefit of the SSD Online system is that, if College Board requires extra documentation or something is missing, they will be able to immediately alert your school’s SSD coordinator, which will speed up the process. Method 2: Submit a Paper Request If you can’t use your school’s SSD coordinator to submit a request, it is also possible to submit a paper request to College Board. This method takes longer, since you are mailing documents rather than sending them online, plus you will have to provide much more documentation. First of all, to get the form, you either need to pick it up from your school’s SSD Coordinator or request it from College Board’s SSD department, whose contact info is below. There is no way to download it online. Email info@ssd.collegeboard.org Phone 212-713-8333 Fax 886-360-0114 TTY 609-882-4118 Mail College Board SSD Program P.O. Box 8060 Mt. Vernon IL 62864-0060 Once you get the form, you will list your personal information, your high school’s College Board code, and the date of your desired SAT test. (Note that this form does not double as a test registration form, you will still have to sign up for the SAT after you get your accommodations.) Next, you will state which accommodations you are requesting. Make sure the accommodations are specifically linked to your disability, and do not repeat. (For example, do not request both a reader and a cassette player if you need the test read aloud.) Also make sure you provide information about those accommodations, including your history of using them at school, and your performance with and without accommodations. (For example, if you are requesting extended time, include a comparison of your work ability in timed and untimed conditions.) Finally, and most importantly, you will provide documentation about your disability. This includes information about your IEP or 504 Plan if you have one, most recent cognitive or ability testing, and most recent medical evaluation if you have a medical or psychiatric disability. Documentation required will vary by disability and the accommodation(s) you’re requesting. Your documentation must be very detailed – not just a medical note or your IEP. History of your symptoms, accommodations given in school, and the reason accommodations are necessary for the SAT are all necessary information. You can find more fine print on documentation here. Okay, so it might not take this much documentation to get SAT accommodations, but it might feel like it! You can find complete instructions and requirements for completing the paper form at College Board’s website. Once you send in the form, College Board will first verify that you have sent in all necessary documentation, and request more if needed. After that, they will either approve or deny your request. Approved? If your request for accommodations is approved, your accommodations will remain in place until one year after you graduate high school. So once you’re approved, you don’t have to worry about ever going through the process again! College Board will give you a seven-digit code to use whenever you sign up for a test online. You will be able to use your accommodations on all College Board tests, including the PSAT, SAT, SAT Subject Tests, and AP Exams. To use them on SAT and SAT Subject Tests, use your code when you sign up online. For the PSAT and AP Exams, inform your school you receive accommodations from College Board and they will make sure your accommodations are in place on test days. If you have to change your accommodations, either inform your school’s SSD Coordinator and have them submit the request through SSD Online, or submit your request independently. Again, the fastest way to change your accommodations will be by going through SSD Online, so use that if possible. More Hints and Tips If you need accommodations, get them as early as possible in your high school career. Since College Board’s accommodations will last until after you graduate, the earlier you get your accommodations the more you will be able to use them – especially on AP Exams and the PSAT, which you may begin taking as a sophomore or even a freshman. If you’re unsure if you need or want accommodations on the SAT, consider your situation. If you’re on an IEP or 504 Plan that grants you extra time, breaks, or tools on tests, it’s highly likely you will also benefit from those accommodations on the SAT. Remember, the SAT is a very challenging test that requires a ton of mental processing, math calculations, and writing in a short period of time. Plus, it will be easier to get accommodations on the SAT if they are similar to ones you have been using in school. If you are not on an IEP or 504 Plan at school, but have a condition that will make the SAT difficult, consult with your school’s SSD Coordinator about taking the SAT with or without accommodations. It will be harder – though not impossible – to get accommodations if you are not on a plan with your school, so determining if you need them will be an important first step. You could also try taking SAT Practice Tests with and without the accommodations you think you will need to get a sense of if you want to request them. For example, if you think you will need extra time, try taking one practice test using typical SAT timing, and one with extended time. If your condition or disability makes it markedly more difficult to complete the SAT in the allotted time, consider seeking out the accommodation. Don’t underestimate the SAT! Finally, whether you end up getting accommodations or not, make sure you take enough time to study and prepare for the SAT. It is a very difficult test, and will not be like tests you take for class or standardized state exams. Along with your necessary accommodations, smart studying is the best way to be ready for the SAT. What’s Next? Once you get your accommodations, what score should you aim for? Learn about the average SAT score, the average SAT score in your state, and how to develop your own personal target score. Curious about how the SAT is scored? Learn how your answers get turned into a composite score between 600 and 2400 and how to use that information to your advantage. Stressed about taking the SAT? Learn about the three most common sources of anxiety and how to cope with them. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: